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Nov 24, 2019 12:54 PM
Author: Cunningham, Wendy; Hollweg, Claire H.
Publishing Date:
2019
Category: Information Material
Jobs are an important part of Cambodia’s story of development success. There are eight million jobs in Cambodia, and eighty percent of Cambodian adults above the age of fifteen are working in contrast to 62.5 percent of adults in East Asia Pacific region. Cambodia will need to enact substantive reforms to secure more, better, and more inclusive jobs in the long term. Fundamentally, Cambodia needs to upgrade and integrate the two sides of its economy namely the exports sector, which includes foreign- owned (FDI) firms, and the domestic sector made up of household enterprises (HHEs) and small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Meanwhile, Cambodian workers need to increase their skills and ability to pursue the job opportunities that will materialize as these sectors increase their competitiveness.
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Nov 05, 2019 11:49 AM
Author: International Labour Organization
Publishing Date:
2019
Category: Information Material
Intermediary organizations in apprenticeships are those which act on behalf of, link, or mediate between the main parties – apprentices and employers. An intermediary organization in apprenticeship systems is thus one that undertakes one or more of the following activities: employs apprentices as a third-party employer; trains apprentices as part of a specific arrangement with groups of employers; or undertakes other apprentice support activities on behalf of an employer or a specified group of employers. This discussion paper highlights different ways of classifying intermediary organizations, provides examples of different types of intermediary organisations and examines the different roles they can play to support the effective operation of apprenticeship systems. In particular, the report includes brief case studies of intermediary organisations in Australia, India, England.
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Apr 22, 2020 10:43 AM
Author: World Tourism Organization
Publishing Date:
2019
Category: Policy
This paper prepared by the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) in collaboration with its Affiliate Member CEGOS and benefitting from International Labour Organization (ILO) contributions within the framework of the 9th Meeting of Tourism Ministers of the G20, presents the emerging realities resulting from the transformations affecting the current and future of work in tourism. It aims to provide recommendations to G20 countries to position tourism in the G20 Agenda, adapt the future of work to new realities and ensure their alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the 2030 Agenda.
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Nov 24, 2019 01:04 PM
Author: Chen, Dandan; Pan, Yilin; Fu, Ning
Publishing Date:
2019
Category: Information Material
Over the past decade, China's transition rate from lower secondary education to higher secondary education has increased significantly, from 80.5 to 93.7 percent. In light of this impressive progress, the Chinese government aimed at raising the gross enrollment rate in senior high schools to above 90 percent by 2020. Quality and relevance in vocational and academic high school education could be a key bottleneck in further expansion. The way tracking operates between academic and vocational streams could itself be a distortion for the sector's further expansion. Looking ahead, reforms in upper secondary education are imperative, given increasing demand for a highly skilled labor force and China's fast demographic change as the young population cohorts decline. The paper examines the sector's key constraints in access, financing, tracking, and informed decisions and recommends how the quality of the general and vocational education tracks can be further improved.
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Apr 22, 2020 05:28 AM
Author: International Labour Organization
Publishing Date:
2019
Category: Research
Employment quotas represent one of the most frequently used policy measures to promote work opportunities for persons with disabilities. Slightly over 100 countries around the world currently provide for employment quotas in their national legislation. While some countries have had employment quotas for many decades, others have introduced them recently, revised them or are planning to introduce them. There is no standard approach. Quotas vary from country to country in terms of the level of the percentage obligation, the size of company covered, whether they apply to public and private sector employers, how compliance is monitored and what measures apply in the case of non-compliance.
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Nov 15, 2019 11:10 AM
Author: International Labour Organization
Publishing Date:
2019
Category: Information Material
The 5th RSTWG Meeting aims to facilitate further coordination and cooperation among the AMS, together with the ASEAN Secretariat, in moving forward with the ongoing mutual skills recognition efforts within the region with a focus on the MRA and MRS implementation.
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Oct 01, 2019 11:58 AM
Author: ILO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific
Publishing Date:
2019
Category: Research
Annex 3 of the “Preparing for the future of work: National policy responses in ASEAN +6” report presents an inventory of policies, strategies and programmes adopted or undertaken by the governments of ASEAN +6 countries in response to environmental and climate change, with a particular focus on their links to the labour market.
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Oct 01, 2019 12:07 PM
Author: ILO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific
Publishing Date:
2019
Category: Research
Annex 1 of the “Preparing for the future of work: National policy responses in ASEAN +6” report presents an inventory of policies, strategies and programmes adopted or undertaken by the governments of ASEAN +6 countries in response to technological changes, with a particular focus on their links to the labour market.
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Oct 01, 2019 11:54 AM
Author: International Labour Organization
Publishing Date:
2019
Category: Research
Spurred by technological advancements, demographic shifts and environmental and climate disruptions, fastpaced transformations are affecting how, where and when people work, impacting our labour markets and shaping the future of work. Preparing for the future of work: National policy responses in ASEAN +6 provides an overview of how countries in the Asia-Pacific region are reacting to such changes with new or adapted strategies and policies.
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Oct 01, 2019 12:04 PM
Author: ILO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific
Publishing Date:
2019
Category: Research
Annex 2 of the “Preparing for the future of work: National policy responses in ASEAN +6” report presents an inventory of policies, strategies and programmes adopted or undertaken by the governments of ASEAN +6 countries in response to demographic changes, with a particular focus on their links to the labour market.
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Nov 24, 2019 12:43 PM
Author: World Bank Group
Publishing Date:
2019
Category: Information Material
Many emerging economies have skills shortages but fail to effectively deploy students andjob seekers towards filling those shortages. In emerging economies, new technologies,digitization, automation, and other trends like Industry 4.0 result in a constantly changing demandfor sophisticated skills. In this environment, there are often students and job seekers who couldpotentially fill skills gaps but face significant challenges in identifying job opportunities andthe skills needed to obtain them. The schools, training centers, and public service providers thatare responsible for preparing the workforce to fill skills gaps often face similar challenges in terms of deploying attention and resources towards filling those gaps. In Malaysia, the Critical Skills Monitoring Committee (CSC) is charged with producing a Critical Occupations List to serve as a platform for coordinating human capital development policies. The CSC is a specialized interagency body that was established as part of the Eleventh Malaysia Plan to monitor skills imbalances in Malaysia. To do so, the CSC created an annual Critical Occupations List (COL) of occupations that are middle- or highskilled, sought-after, and strategic. The COL has evolved during the last several years to become a best-practice tool for monitoring skills. The COL is updated regularly and improved continually, is based on rigorous evidence, and is widely circulated. The production of the list is undertaken by the CSC and incorporates a wide range of input from both the public and private sector.
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Nov 24, 2019 01:01 PM
Author: Acosta, Pablo; Igarashi, Takiko; Rodriguez, Ruth; Schmillen, Achim; Zapanta, Arianna
Publishing Date:
2019
Category: Information Material
In 2015, the World Bank embarked on a collaborative effort to understand and address the jobs challenge in Mindanao through the Mindanao Jobs Report (MJR). Good jobs — jobs that raise real income and lift people out of poverty — were needed for more than two million Mindanawons who were either unemployed or underemployed at the time of writing. In addition, large cohorts of youth would enter the labor force in the next few years and better jobs were needed for the many Mindanawons who were currently employed informally and who accounted for more than half of total employment in Mindanao. Following extensive consultations with many of Mindanao's leaders and stakeholders, the report came up with recommendations around the three areas, namely: (1) raising agricultural productivity and improving farm-to-market connectivity; (2) boosting human development; and (3) addressing drivers of conflict and fragility and building up institutions in Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) and conflict-affected areas.
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Nov 24, 2019 01:07 PM
Author: World Bank Group
Publishing Date:
2019
Category: Information Material
The promotion of economic opportunities for women is one of the most promising avenues for Malaysia's future development. Closing gaps between men's and women's economic opportunities could boost Malaysia's income per capita by 26.2 percent. Against this backdrop, the report relies on a comprehensive mixed-methods approach to investigate constraints on improving women's economic opportunities. It finds that Malaysia's female labor force participation rate has risen significantly in recent years but is still low compared to other countries in ASEAN. In addition, there are wide gender gap in access to jobs that pay well and offer benefits, social protection, and career prospects. Policy directions for improving the economic opportunities for women in Malaysia should include: (1) expand the availability, quality and affordability of child and elder care to enable more women to stay in the labor market and to work in more productive jobs; (2) strengthen the protection of informal workers and the productivity of workers and business owners to harness women's full economic potential; (3) pursue planned reforms of the legal environment and strengthen the implementation, monitoring and enforcement of laws and regulations, (4) improve support for parents, in line with international legal norms and (5) address gender norms and attitudes in education and among the wider population.
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Aug 30, 2019 09:03 AM
Author: International Labour Organization
Publishing Date:
2019
Category: Policy
This policy brief provides an overview of the current debate and research efforts to measure cost and benefits of apprenticeship training. It introduces the methods and challenges associated with collecting data and attaching a monetary value to apprenticeships, for enterprises, learners and society. Despite the limited number of studies that exist, the policy brief shows that apprenticeships, if of a certain quality and regulated, are not only profitable for enterprises, but significantly increase employability and employment perspectives for apprentices, and in doing so, reduce the overall risks of unemployment and therefore potential social costs. The policy brief also discusses how the findings of cost-benefit analysis can be used as an effective marketing tool by governments, trade unions and employers associations to boost the overall attractiveness of apprenticeships.
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Aug 30, 2019 08:59 AM
Author: International Labour Organization
Publishing Date:
2019
Category: Policy
This policy brief highlights ILO support for the engagement of workers organisations in skills development policies and systems. It also provides examples of engagement at the national sectoral and enterprise levels and proposes priority areas for workers organisations as they engage in skills development in the future. The policy brief is the product of a joint effort by the Skills and Employability Branch (SKILLS) and Bureau for Workers Activities (ACTRAV) of the International Labour Organization (ILO).
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